Arizona Republican secretary of state candidate wrong about ‘fake’ mail ballots

Republican Mark Finchem is running for the job of Arizona’s top elections official while vowing to largely ditch the most popular way of casting a ballot: by mail.

Finchem said he favored West Virginia’s approach to mailing ballots, which requires voters to request to receive their ballots by mail in advance. 

"I am a fan of the West Virginia model, which is absentee ballots opt-in," Finchem said in an Aug. 25 radio interview. "In Arizona, we have flood the zone with fake ballots."

Finchem didn’t explain his definition of "fake ballots" or respond to our email seeking his evidence. But his claim leaves the misleading impression that Arizonans have received ballots they didn’t request. That’s wrong. 

Arizona is not one of the states that sends all voters a mail ballot. Voters must "opt in" to receive a mail ballot for a specific election or on a continuing basis.

Finchem is part of a national coalition of candidates seeking to upend common voting practices while denying the reality that Joe Biden won the presidency in 2020. Finchem has supported a series of anti-democratic proposals, such as giving the state Legislature the power to accept or reject election results. 

In November, Finchem will face Democrat Adrian Fontes, former Maricopa County Recorder.

Voting by mail has existed in Arizona for more than a century, and it is used by both major parties. 

In 1991, the state established a law to allow any voter to cast a ballot by mail without an excuse, such as being sick or out of town. It grew so popular that county officials persuaded the state in 2007 to create a permanent early voting list so that voters could sign up to get a mail ballot for each election. 

In 2021, the state Legislature passed a law to make it easier to remove voters from that list. Starting in 2027, if voters don’t vote by mail in at least one election within two consecutive election cycles, they will be removed from the active early voting list.

Ballots received early make up between 70% to 80% of ballots cast in Arizona, said Paul Bentz, who does public opinion surveys at HighGround, a Phoenix consulting company.

"Certainly, there were portions of Republicans who changed their behavior and chose to drop off their ballot on Election Day or vote in person at a polling place, but a vast majority of Republicans still chose to vote early and will continue to do so in the general election," Bentz said.

That applies to Finchem’s supporters, too. During the primary, about three of every four voters who cast a ballot for Finchem did so early, which is mostly by mail.

Voters in West Virginia must have an excuse to vote absentee, such as being out of town or confined for medical reasons. 

Nearly half of voters in West Virginia cast an absentee ballot in the 2020 primary, amid COVID-19. But usually less than 3% vote this way, said Mike Queen, a spokesperson for the West Virginia secretary of state.

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More than 2 million people registered to vote so far this year without photo ID in Arizona, Pennsylvania and Texas.

Arizona may have a more permissive mail voting law, but Finchem is wrong to suggest that it is not an "opt in" state. Voters either sign up for the active list to regularly get mail ballots or for a mail ballot for a specific election.

In Maricopa County, the state’s most populous county, voters can request a one-time mail ballot by phone or mail. For the active early voting list, voters sign up online or download the form and submit it in person.

Every current elected official in Arizona has been elected primarily by mail ballots, said Alex Gulotta, Arizona state director of All Voting is Local, a voting rights group.

There is no nefarious or illegal "flooding" of the zone. 

The form to request a mail ballot requires voters to provide multiple pieces of identifying information including their name, address, birth date, and driver's license or last four digits of their Social Security number. By collecting that information, county officials can verify that the ballot request is legitimate. 

Voting by mail is popular in Arizona for a few reasons, said Pinny Sheoran, president of the League of Women Voters of Arizona. The weather is hot in Arizona, so some voters spend part of the year in another state (and wouldn’t be in town for the primary election, usually held in August). Other voters don’t want to miss work. Some voters find it more convenient to vote from home, where they can research the candidates leisurely with the ballot in hand.

If Finchem’s comment about "fake ballots" is interpreted to mean a counterfeit ballot, that is also nonsense.

A ballot will not be counted if it is fake. Election officials verify signatures on mail ballot envelopes before counting them, another security step.

"The mail system does not permit false votes to be counted because the signature won't match the registered voter's signature," said Paul Bender, an Arizona State University law professor.

Voters can sign up for free alerts from county election officials to ensure their ballot is safe and counted. In Maricopa, voters get texts when their ballot is on the way to them. Once voters mail in their ballot, they get texts telling them when it is received and counted. Voters are also alerted if there is a problem, such as a missing or mismatched signature.

Finchem said, "In Arizona, we have flood the zone with fake ballots."

Although he did not explain his definition of "fake ballots," Finchem’s description suggests that ballots are mailed out en masse to voters that did not request them. But that’s now how it works  — and there’s no evidence of pervasive fraud or fakery.

Arizona voters must take steps to receive a mail ballot, whether it’s for a specific election or a continuing basis. 

Finchem’s statement is an inaccurate and ridiculous summation that could discourage voter participation in a legitimate process. We rate this claim Pants on Fire!

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